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@#The oral microbiota has been proven to play an essential role in local and systemic health. Hence, it is essential to understand how the oral microbiota and further microbial ecosystems are established and the associated development process to understand the physiologic and pathologic events related to the oral microbiota and management of the whole lifecycle oral and systemic health. The present review summarizes recent studies of the establishment and development of oral microbial communities in early life with related factors and briefly describes their prospects. By investigating the characteristics and development of the oral microbiota, current studies have shown that health status during pregnancy, mode of delivery, diet, environment, antibiotics and genetic factors are related to oral microbiota development, which is helpful in clinical practice. Nevertheless, current studies are mostly cross-sectional. Prospective cohort studies with larger sample sizes using metagenomics or metatranscriptomics and studies on molecular mechanisms are needed to further elucidate the influences and mechanisms of the related factors on the establishment and development of microbiota in early life and their impact on local or systemic health.
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Objective@#To analyze the clinical features of patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) during perinatal stage.@*Methods@#From January 2011 to October 2016, the obstetric materials, clinical features, associated disease/factors and therapeutic outcomes were studied in 11 patients with HLH in perinatal period.@*Results@#In these 11 patients, 9 were primipara. As for the onset time of HLH, 5 were before delivery and 6 were after delivery. Six were complicated with other associated disease/factors, and infection was the commonest (5/6) . Treatment included glucocorticoid + fludarabine in 1 case, HLH-94/04 protocols in 9 cases, and monotherapy corticosteroids in 1 case. Two patients died eventually.@*Conclusions@#Perinatal HLH is commonly observed in the pregnancy/postpartum related HLH (28th week of pregnancy to one week after delivery) . Infection is still the commonest associated factors. HLH-94/04 protocols after the cessation of pregnancy may be effective, but the cessation of pregnancy itself may not be enough for the perinatal stage related-HLH. The perinatal stage related-HLH still has a better outcome than the other subtype of secondary-HLH.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in the treatment of critical patients at perinatal stage. METHODS:During the treatment process of 4 critical patients at perinatal stage,according to the patients'special pathophysiolog-ic status (such as urea cycle disorder,dyslipidemia,severe infection,can not recover circulating blood volume rapidly,etc.), weighing the order of priority,based on relevant guidelines and literatures,clinical pharmacists provided individual medication ad-vices in respects of drug selection,medication timing,treatment course,drug combination and dosage adjustment,such as using cefuroxime,reduced glutathione,ursodesoxycholic acid,etc.,stopping drugs timely or adjusting antibiotics therapy plan. They al-so provided pharmaceutical care as lab index determination and ADR monitoring. RESULTS:Physicians adopted clinical pharma-cists'advices,and then 4 critical patients were all recovered. CONCLUSIONS:During the treatment course of critical patients at perinatal stage,clinical pharmacists should select safe and effective drugs as much as possible and adjust therapy plan in time ac-cording to clinical symptoms. When the security runs counter to effectiveness,clinical pharmacists should fully weigh the advantag-es and disadvantages and guarantee the maximum safety of pregnant or delivery women and fetuses.
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Objective To investigate the characteristic and clinical value of echocardiography in pregnant women with sinus tachycardia.Methods Thirty pregnant women with sinus tachycardia (experiment group) and 30 healthy pregnant women (control group) were selected.The echocardiography results and clinical data were compared between the 2 groups.Results There were no statistical differences in age,gestational age,blood pressure,weight between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The heart rate in experiment group was significantly higher than that in control group [(123.20 ± 13.23) times/min vs.(86.17 ± 6.78) times/min],there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).The left ventricular posterior wall thickness and the rates of mitral regurgitation,tricuspid regurgitation,aortic regurgitation in experiment group were significantly higher than those in control group [(10.23 ± 1.30) mm vs.(8.79 ± 1.90) mm,63.33％ (19/30) vs.16.67％ (5/30),66.67％(20/30) vs.30.00％(9/30),26.67％(8/30) vs.6.67％(2/30)],the left ventricular posterior wall motion amplitude was significantly lower than that in control group [(8.07 ± 1.00) mm vs.(9.26 ± 1.71) mm],there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences in the indexes of left ventricular systolic function and diastolic function between the 2 groups (P ＜0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusion The anatomical indexes and function indexes of echocardiography in pregnant women with sinus tachycardia are used to change,and the echocardiography in time can provide the basis of treatment.